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This study examines the relationship between speaking anxiety and willingness to speak English among lower secondary school students at To Ky Secondary School in Ho Chi Minh City. Using a quantitative case study design, data were collected from 120 students through questionnaires measuring speaking anxiety and classroom willingness to communicate. Descriptive statistics indicated moderate to high levels of speaking anxiety and moderate to high willingness to speak English, with variation across speaking situations. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between speaking anxiety and willingness to speak English, suggesting that higher anxiety is associated with lower communicative willingness. The findings highlight the importance of reducing affective barriers to promote active oral participation in EFL classrooms.
An Evaluation of National Open University in Ondo State, Nigeria
9
Folake Sarah OLANIYAN. PhD*, P...
Department of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo, Nigeria
1-6
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18158967
This research examined the evaluation of National Open University in Ondo State, Nigeria. In order to guide the study three research questions were raised. The study explored descriptive research of the survey type. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in the selection of respondents. The population of this study consisted of all students in National Open University (NOUN), Ondo State Campus, Nigeria. However, a total number of one hundred (100) respondents were considered as sample size for this study from five (5) faculties out of eight (8) faculties in the university using simple random sampling technique. A self–structured instrument titled “National Open University Program’s Evaluation Questionnaire (NOUPEQ)” was validated and employed to collect data for the study. The data collected and analyzed using mean (x ̅) and standard deviation statistical tools. Findings reveal that Flexibility in education delivery system and giving students the opportunity to combine education with work were agreed majorly upon. The extent to which the objective of National Open University in Nigeria has been achieved is very high. It was concluded that the National Open University of Nigeria has contributed to the social-economic and technological advancement of Nigeria as a country. It was therefore recommended that Ministries of Education both at state, federal and local governments should begin to play a role in the development of distance learning education. Poor funding constitutes a big problem to distance learning education in Nigeria. Government should consider voting reasonable allocation of resources to this sector.
Evaluating Diagnostic Methods for Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria: RDT...
1
Aquel Rene Lopez*, Abigail Lam...
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Allied Sciences, Baldwin University College, Accra
35-44
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18154384
Background: Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) remains a significant public health
concern in malaria-endemic regions such as Ghana. The persistence of Plasmodium falciparum
in donated blood, often undetected, poses a risk to transfusion recipients. This study evaluates
the diagnostic accuracy of Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) and microscopy in detecting P.
falciparum in donor blood.
Aim: To compare the diagnostic performance of RDTs and microscopy in detecting P.
falciparum in stored blood samples at SDA Hospital, Accra.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 115 blood samples donated to SDA
Hospital. The samples were screened using First Response RDT kits and Giemsa-stained
microscopy (gold standard). Sensitivity, specificity, and parasite density were analyzed using
SPSS version 26.
Results: Of the 115 samples, microscopy detected P. falciparum in 8.7% of the cases, while
RDTs detected 6.1%. Microscopy showed 100% sensitivity and specificity, while RDTs
demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 99.1% specificity. Blood group O positive was most
frequently associated with parasitemia. All infected donors were male, with parasite densities
ranging from 600 to 1200 parasites/µL.
Conclusion: Both RDTs and microscopy showed high diagnostic performance, but microscopy
detected more positive cases. Given the residual risk of TTM, integrating both diagnostic
methods in screening protocols is recommended to improve transfusion safety in malariaendemic regions.
Studies on Kidney Function and Lipid Profile among Type 2 Diabetic Pat...
1
Aquel Rene Lopez*, Siaw Aaron...
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Tetteh Quarshie Memorial Hospital, Akuapem Mampong
22-34
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18150872
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health concern and is
frequently complicated by renal dysfunction and dyslipidemia, which significantly increase
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Evidence on the combined burden of kidney impairment
and lipid abnormalities among diabetic patients in Ghana remains limited. This study assessed
kidney function and lipid profile patterns and examined their relationship with glycemic control
and lifestyle factors among patients with T2DM attending Tetteh Quarshie Memorial Hospital.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 121 adults with T2DM
aged ≥30 years. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors were collected
using a structured questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for renal function indices,
lipid profile parameters, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) using standard laboratory methods.
Dyslipidemia was defined using NCEP ATP III criteria, and kidney disease was classified
according to KDIGO 2012 guidelines. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version
18, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: The mean age of participants was 61.02 ± 13.32 years, and 70.25% were female. The
prevalence of dyslipidemia was 22.31%, while kidney disease was observed in 76.86% of
participants. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) showed strong negative correlations
with serum creatinine (r = −0.898, p < 0.001) and urea (r = −0.610, p < 0.001). Triglyceride
levels were significantly higher among participants with poor glycemic control (p = 0.033),
whereas other lipid parameters did not vary significantly across HbA1c categories. Advancing
age, physical inactivity, and inadequate sleep duration were significantly associated with kidney
disease.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates a high burden of renal dysfunction and a moderate
prevalence of dyslipidemia among patients with T2DM. Poor glycemic control was specifically
associated with elevated triglyceride levels, while lifestyle and demographic factors played a
significant role in renal impairment. Routine monitoring of renal and lipid parameters, alongside
targeted lifestyle interventions, is essential to reduce diabetes-related complications.