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At IRASS Publisher, our mission is to empower authors and researchers by providing a platform for their unique perspectives. We believe in fostering creativity and promoting voices that reflect the richness of human experience.
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We envision a world where diverse stories and groundbreaking research thrive, enriching the literary and academic landscape. We aim to be a leading publisher recognized for our commitment to quality, innovation, and inclusivity.
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IRASS Publisher commits to providing open access to all its published content. Our policy ensures that research articles are freely accessible to the public without subscription fees. Authors retain copyright while allowing unrestricted distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. By removing access barriers, IRASS aims to foster a more inclusive and collaborative scientific community.
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Latest Article
Housing Empowerment and Social Innovation as Catalysts for Urban Regen...
1

Ali Rezvani*
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering,Islamic Azad University, Ardestan Branch, Ardestan, Iran
1-7
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20507512

Urban regeneration of deteriorated fabrics remains one of the most pressing challenges in contemporary urban planning and architectural practice. This paper presents a systematic integrative review examining the nexus between housing empowerment strategies and social innovation frameworks in facilitating sustainable urban regeneration. Drawing upon 47 peer-reviewed articles published between 2009 and 2025, this study synthesizes evidence from diverse geographical contexts—including Europe, Africa, and the Middle East—to construct a comprehensive conceptual framework. The findings reveal that successful regeneration initiatives are contingent upon three interdependent pillars: (1) physical retrofitting of existing housing stock, (2) socially innovative governance mechanisms that foster resident participation, and (3) integrated policy instruments that bridge economic viability with social equity. The paper contributes to the theoretical discourse by proposing a multi-scalar empowerment model (MSEM) that operationalizes the transition from top-down renewal to participatory regeneration. Implications for policy, practice, and future research are discussed.
The Role of Chiefdom Councils in Decentralisation: Evidence from Bo Di...
0

Andrew Lokorma Karim* & Morris...
MPhil candidate, School of post-graduate studies, Njala University. Sierra Leone, West Africa
16-23
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20507148

The 190 chiefdoms of Sierra Leone constitute the lowest level of governance where the majority of Sierra Leoneans reside, particularly outside Freetown and its surrounding rural areas. These chiefdoms are administered by Paramount Chiefs, supported by sub-chiefs and a range of chiefdom administrative officers. As integral components of district administration in Sierra Leone, chiefdoms represent the level of governance through which essential services are delivered to local populations. Paramount Chiefs serve as heads of chiefdom councils and oversee several key functions, including the collection of local taxes, mobilization of communal labour for socio-economic development initiatives, regulation of farming activities, and the arbitration and adjudication of local disputes. Bo District is one of the sixteen districts in the country and is located in the Southern Province. This study assessed the role of chiefdom councils in the district using a qualitative phenomenological research approach. In-depth personal interviews were conducted with key informants across the sixteen chiefdoms of Bo District. The data were analyzed using the constant comparative method, whereby information was systematically disaggregated into thematic categories for interpretation and reporting.
Decentralization and Socio-Economic Development: Assessing Primary Hea...
0

Andrew Lokorma Karim* & Morris...
MPhil candidate, School of post-graduate studies, Njala University. Sierra Leone, West Africa
1-15
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20507024

This study examines the impact of decentralization on socio-economic development in the chiefdoms of Bo District, Sierra Leone, with particular attention to primary health care services. Following the reintroduction of decentralization in 2004 after the civil war, local councils and chiefdom administrations were expected to improve service delivery and strengthen community participation in governance. A mixed-method approach was adopted, combining quantitative survey data and structured interviews. A total of 414 respondents were selected across sixteen chiefdoms using stratified sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square tests to assess associations between decentralization and selected health indicators, including malaria, enteric fever, labour pain-related deaths, HIV/AIDS, and anaemia. The findings reveal mixed outcomes regarding the impact of decentralization on health service delivery and socio-economic development. While decentralization has improved local participation and awareness of health-related issues, significant challenges persist in the provision, accessibility, and effectiveness of primary health care services. Inferential statistical results indicate varying degrees of association between decentralized governance structures and health outcomes within the district. The study concludes that although decentralization has created opportunities for local involvement in governance and development, institutional, financial, and administrative constraints continue to limit its full potential in enhancing socioeconomic development in the chiefdoms of Bo District.
Youth Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Job Creation in Zimbabwe: Empow...
1

Blazio M. Manobo*
Strategist and a Visiting lecturer at the Catholic University of Zimbabwe and the Midlands State University
91-102
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20458309

Youth unemployment in Zimbabwe has reached critical levels, with approximately 90% of young people engaged in informal employment or completely unemployed, challenging the nation's economic recovery and development goals. This study examines the relationship between youth entrepreneurship initiatives, empowerment frameworks, and sustainable job creation outcomes in Zimbabwe's unique post-dollarization economic context. Using a mixedmethods approach combining quantitative analysis of longitudinal data from 412 youth-led enterprises across Harare, Bulawayo, and rural districts, and qualitative case studies of 28 entrepreneurship support programs, we investigate how different empowerment mechanisms— including access to finance, skills development, mentorship networks, and policy support— influence both direct and indirect job creation patterns within Zimbabwe's constrained economic environment. Our findings reveal that youth entrepreneurs who participate in comprehensive empowerment programs create an average of 4.2 jobs within their first three years of operation, compared to 1.5 jobs among non-supported counterparts. More significantly, we identify a positive employment multiplier effect whereby every job created directly by youth-led enterprises generates an additional 0.9 jobs in related supply chains and local economies, particularly in the agriculture, technology, and retail sectors. The study also uncovers critical barriers unique to Zimbabwe's context, including currency volatility, limited access to formal credit, and policy implementation gaps, while revealing that female youth entrepreneurs demonstrate higher business survival rates despite facing gender-specific challenges in accessing resources. We propose a theoretical framework linking youth empowerment dimensions to job creation pathways in fragile economic environments and offer policy recommendations for the Zimbabwean government and development partners seeking to design integrated support systems that maximize employment outcomes. These findings contribute to literature on youth economic inclusion in post-crisis economies and provide empirical evidence for stakeholders implementing the National Youth Policy and Zimbabwe's National Development Strategy 1 (NDS1).
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