Overweight and obesity, disorders of energy metabolism characterized by excess adipose tissue, contribute significantly to global morbidity and mortality. With increasing urbanization and lifestyle shifts, Nigeria faces rising prevalence rates, including among university staff. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of overweight and obesity among staff of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (UDUS). Descriptive cross-sectional study was used among 109 consenting non-academic and academic staff of UDUS using structured questionnaires to collect socio-demographic and behavioral data. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical assays, including fasting blood glucose, lipid profiles, leptin, and renal function tests, were performed. Data were analyzed by using a logistic regression to identify determinants of overweight and obese, with statistical significance of p < 0.05. The prevalence of overweight and obesity combined were 47%, with non-academic staff showing higher risk. Family history of diabetes and medication use was significant which were associated overweight and obesity (p < 0.05). Other clinical markers such as hypertension history, lipid parameters, fasting glucose, and leptin levels did not show significant associations. Occupation and fruit consumption frequency independently predicted overweight and obesity after adjusting for age. The high prevalence aligns with prior regional studies and underscores the impact of sedentary work and dietary habits on obesity risk. The paradoxical positive association between fruit consumption and obesity may reflect intake of sugar-rich fruit products. Overweight and obesity remain highly prevalent among UDUS staff, influenced by occupational status and dietary patterns. Workplace health interventions focusing on activity promotion and nutrition education are essential.