The study was on organisational factors on career advancement of agricultural science academic staff of universities in Cross River State, Nigeria: Implications for improved Agricultural Production in Nigeria. The study used three research questions and hypotheses and the study employed an ex-post Facto research design, utilizing a descriptive survey approach to investigate the relationship between institutional variables and academic staff career advancement in universities. The population for the study comprised 423 academic staff members from the University of Calabar and the University of Cross River State. A sample of 316 respondents was selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire, titled "Organisational Factors and Career Advancement of Academic Staff Questionnaire (OFCPASASQ)”. The analysis involved hypothesis testing, where the relationships between independent variables (such as leadership effectiveness, mentorship programs, and school facilities) and the dependent variable (career advancement) were examined. The findings showed that leadership effectiveness, mentorship programmes and school facilities significantly predict the career advancement of academic staff. It was recommended among other recommendations that university administrators should prioritize leadership development programs to enhance their effectiveness, which in turn will positively impact staff career advancement.