Background: Burn wound infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly following mass casualty events where healthcare systems are rapidly overwhelmed. On 21 July 2025, an aviation disaster in Dhaka, Bangladesh resulted in a sudden influx of patients with severe burn injuries, creating significant challenges for infection control and antimicrobial management. Objective: This study aimed to characterize the microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of burn wound infections among victims of a mass casualty aviation disaster in Bangladesh. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery and the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka, from 22 July to 22 August 2025. A total of 40 burn wound samples from hospitalized patients with clinically suspected infections were analyzed. Microbial isolation and identification were performed using standard culture techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and the VITEK® 2 automated system, with interpretation according to CLSI M100 guidelines (2024). Results: A total of 46 microbial isolates were recovered. Gram-negative bacteria predominated (78.3%), followed by Gram-positive bacteria (17.4%) and fungi (4.3%). Pseudomonas spp. were the most common pathogens (47.8%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (17.4%), Klebsiella spp. (13.0%), and Acinetobacter spp. (8.7%). High resistance to fluoroquinolones and carbapenems was observed among Gram-negative isolates. Pseudomonas spp. showed preserved susceptibility to piperacillin–tazobactam (81.8%) and colistin (100%). Fifty percent of S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant, while all remained susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion: Burn wound infections following this mass casualty aviation disaster were predominantly caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas spp. The findings underscore the need for early microbiological surveillance, rational antimicrobial use, and strengthened infection prevention strategies to improve outcomes in disaster-related burn care.