The Iranian city of Mashhad holds a special place in the hearts of Iranians and Muslims, as it houses numerous religious monuments and shrines thanks to the shrine of the eighth Imam of the Ahl al-Bayt, Ali ibn Musa al-Rida (peace be upon him). It is surrounded in all its aspects by heritage monuments rooted in various eras, along with natural landmarks and magnificent and beautiful tourist sites. Among these landmarks, which combine heritage and modernity, is the city's Bread Museum, the first in the Middle East visited by tourists upon their arrival to the holy city. The museum contains various types of bread-making tools, which hold a special place in the nutritional composition of the peoples of the world in general and the people of Iran in particular. The social, cultural, and economic history of bread also reflects the symbolism of peace and tolerance among peoples, as its abundance and diversity in its manufacture and exchange with others are among the most important indicators of civilization. The museum traces the history of the nutritional and cultural status of bread and its types in terms of form and technology. By relying on the historical approach in making use of archaeological data, historical sources, religious and mythological texts of ancient Iran, as well as making use of the descriptive and analytical research approach by studying the details of the bread museum in the holy city, the results showed that grains were the most important material for preparing and making bread in historical Iran. Despite the use of modern industrial ovens that made bread production on a large scale possible, the old method of preparing bread on hot ash is still used without abandoning the previous methods of preparing bread.