Biomonitoring of Heavy Metal Concentration of Selected Personal Care Products (PCPs) Used by Students of Clifford University, Owerrinta (Ihie Campus), Abia State, Nigeria
Sr No:
Page No:
58-64
Language:
English
Authors:
Nweje-Anyalowu Paul Chukwuemeka*, Enyinnaya Blessing Oluchi, Ekeke Dora Chinezurum, Idakwoji Precious Adejoh, Ikoro Benjamin Godlight
Received:
2026-01-06
Accepted:
2026-02-09
Published Date:
2026-02-23
Abstract:
Background: This study assessed the heavy metal content of selected personal care products
(PCPs) used by students of Clifford University, Owerrinta (Ihie Campus), Abia State, Nigeria.
The presence of contaminants, particularly heavy metals, in cosmetics is a major concern due to
potential health risks.
Methods: A total of 24 cosmetic samples, including foundations, face powders, lip glosses, and
body creams, were collected from six female hostel rooms. Samples were analyzed for lead (Pb),
chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) using atomic absorption
spectrophotometry (AAS).
Results: Lead concentrations in face powders and lip glosses frequently exceeded Maximum
Permissible Limits (MPLs) of 10.00 mg/kg, reaching as high as 20.00 ± 1.01 mg/kg. Mercury in
foundations reached 5.73 ± 0.16 mg/kg, far exceeding the 1.00 mg/kg MPL. Cadmium was also
above limits in foundation samples. Arsenic and chromium levels generally remained within safe
limits.
Conclusion: Findings indicate potential health risks due to high levels of toxic metals,
particularly lead and mercury. The results highlight a need for stricter regulatory controls and
continuous monitoring to safeguard consumer health.
Keywords:
Biomonitoring; Heavy Metals; Personal Care Products; Cosmetics; Clifford University; Public Health.