Anxiety Disorders: Learned Helplessness and Decision-Making within a Cognitive Model Proposal
Sr No:
Page No:
127-132
Language:
English
Authors:
Gulay Gumus*
Received:
2025-09-05
Accepted:
2025-09-25
Published Date:
2025-09-27
Abstract:
Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions, often
characterized by excessive worry, avoidance behaviors, and impaired decision-making. One
underlying mechanism that has received increasing attention is learned helplessness, a cognitivebehavioral pattern in which individuals perceive their actions as ineffective in influencing
outcomes. This study proposes a cognitive model linking learned helplessness to decisionmaking deficits in anxiety disorders. The model suggests that repeated experiences of
uncontrollability foster maladaptive cognitive schemas, which in turn bias risk perception,
reduce self-efficacy, and impair adaptive choices. Drawing on existing empirical evidence, the
paper integrates insights from cognitive psychology, clinical research, and behavioral economics
to explain how helplessness mediates the relationship between anxiety and decision-making. The
proposed model highlights potential intervention points for therapeutic approaches, including
cognitive restructuring, decision-making training, and resilience-building strategies. By
elucidating the cognitive mechanisms of helplessness in anxiety, this work aims to provide a
theoretical foundation for future empirical studies and clinical applications.
Keywords:
Anxiety disorders, learned helplessness, decision-making, cognitive model, psychological intervention.